Unlike absolute hyperglycemia, relative hyperglycemia, as assessed by the stress hyperglycemia ratio, independently predicts in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients across the glycemic spectrum. Future studies should investigate whether using measures of relative hyperglycemia to determine individualized glycemic treatment targets improves outcomes in ICU.

In this study, there were 186 deaths (14.7%).

Admission glucose was significantly associated with mortality in univariate analysis but not after adjustment for risk of death score.

In contrast, stress hyperglycemia ratio was significantly associated with mortality both in univariate analysis and after adjustment for risk of death score.

Glycosylated hemoglobin was used to estimate average glucose concentration over the prior 3 months.

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