Compared to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients without COVID-19, patients with COVID-19 had similar lung mechanics, but higher extravascular lung water index (EVLWi) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) values from the beginning of the disease.

This was associated with worse oxygenation and with more requirement of prone positioning and ECMO.

This is compatible with the specific lung inflammation and severe diffuse alveolar damage related to COVID-19. By contrast, patients with COVID-19 had fewer hemodynamic derangement.

Eventually, mortality was similar between groups.

Driving pressure was similar between patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS, at baseline as well as during the study period.

Compared to patients without COVID-19, those with COVID-19 exhibited higher EVLWi, both at the baseline and at the time of its maximal value.

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