These results demonstrate an association between an index episode involving SA-AKI and the composite outcome in a defined population.

Identification of this group may allow intensive nephrology follow-up and secondary prevention with the goal of mitigating the risk of progression of disease with significant economic and personal benefits.

The unadjusted risk of the composite outcome was significantly higher in the SA-AKI group (odds ratio (OR) 3.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.81–5.74, P < 0.01). This effect remains after adjustment for age, illness severity and co-morbidities (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.64, 95% CI 1.22–5.68, P = 0.01). Progression to maintenance dialysis was the primary driver of this effect (OR 7.56, 95% CI 2.23–25.65, P = 0.02), although it was modified by the effect of confounders (aOR 7.3, 95% CI 0.7–75.94, P = 0.10). Retrospective data-linkage cohort study. Setting: Alice Springs Hospital ICU, 10-bed regional facility, housed in a 200-bed regional hospital, located in Central Australia.

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