Recent trials suggested that extracorporeal cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or “ECMELLA” (VA-ECMO plus Impella) may improve short-term survival and neurological outcomes in selected patients with refractory cardiac arrest.

However, long-term effects on cardiac, cognitive, physical and psychological health need further study.

ECPR patients showed significant improvement in left ventricular function over time but their neuropsychological and physical abilities remained compromised.

Timely, multidisciplinary rehabilitation is required, starting in the intensive care unit and extending to include psychological support and community reintegration strategies after discharge.

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