After strict screening, 1338 patients with acute heart failure (AHF) were included in the derivation set, and 3,129 in the validation set.

Sepsis, use of human albumin, age, mechanical ventilation, aminoglycoside administration, and serum creatinine levels were identified as predictive factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with AHF.

The discrimination of the nomogram in both the derivation and validation sets was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.78-0.83) and 0.79 (95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.83).

Additionally, the calibration curve demonstrated that the predicted outcomes aligned well with the actual observations.

Ultimately, the DCA curves indicated that the nomogram exhibited favorable clinical applicability.

The nomogram that integrates clinical risk factors and enables the personalized prediction of AKI in patients with AHF upon admission to the ICU, which has the potential to assist in identifying AHF patients who would derive the greatest benefit from interventions aimed at preventing and treating AKI.

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