Mortality from sepsis remains high, with at least 270,000 deaths annually in the United States and more than 5 million deaths worldwide. Despite increasing understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis, outside of targeted antibiotic therapy and source control (when appropriate), treatment is generally supportive. As such, improved understanding of mechanisms that lead to mortality as well as development of new therapeutics are of paramount importance to treat sepsis and septic shock, which have mortality rates of 20 to 40%.

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