The use of echocardiography should be initially encouraged in patients with shock to identify the type of shock and to select the most appropriate therapy. The use of more invasive hemodynamic monitoring techniques should be discussed on an individualized basis. Over the last decades, the hemodynamic monitoring techniques have evolved from intermittent toward continuous and real-time measurements and from invasive toward less-invasive approaches. In patients with shock, current guidelines recommend the echocardiography as the preferred modality for the initial hemodynamic evaluation.

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