American and European guidelines have many areas of common agreement such as limiting antibiotic duration. Both guidelines were in favor of a close clinical assessment. Neither recommended a regular use of biomarkers but only in specific circumstances such as dealing with MDR and treatment failure. Risk factor prediction for MDR differed and whilst American guidelines focus on organ failure, the European ones did it in local ecology and septic shock. Contemporary therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) emphasizes the importance of prompt and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Read More