Tag: inflammation
Why Most Diagnostic Procedures Aren’t Beneficial
We often assume that diagnostic procedures will help patients. A lot of training goes into learning how to do these procedures. Procedures are dramatic. We like performing them. Patients are impressed, perceiving that we... read more
Mortality and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Morbidity in Individuals with Impaired FEV1 (PURE)
The associations between the extent of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) impairment and mortality, incident cardiovascular disease, and respiratory hospitalisations are unclear, and how these associations might vary... read more
CRRT for Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) represents the first cause of AKI in ICUs, and renal replacement therapy (RRT) is frequently applied in advanced AKI stages. The debate between 'rescue' indications for RRT start... read more
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Exacerbate Severity of Infant Sepsis
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are innate defense mechanisms that are also implicated in the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction. However, the role of NETs in pediatric sepsis is unknown. This study reveals a hitherto... read more
Expanding the Differential for Hypotension in the Pediatric Patient
As many ED practitioners are aware, food allergies are common in the first 2 years of life, with a prevalence cited between 1-10% of the population. Most food allergies are IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Food protein-induced... read more
A Rare Group of White Blood Cells May Be the Secret to Prevent Sepsis
Basophils are evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates, despite their small numbers and short life span, suggesting that they have beneficial roles in maintaining health. However, these roles are not fully defined. Here we... read more
Vitamin C: Should We Supplement?
A short course of intravenous vitamin C in pharmacological dose seems a promising, well tolerated, and cheap adjuvant therapy to modulate the overwhelming oxidative stress in severe sepsis, trauma, and reperfusion after ischemia.... read more
Septic Shock: Innovative Treatment Options in the Wings
Vitamin C, angiotensin-II, and methylene blue are emerging options on the cutting edge of refractory septic shock treatment that require more investigation, but nevertheless appear promising, Rishi Rattan, MD, said at the... read more
Angiotensin converting enzyme defects in shock: implications for future therapy
Patients who develop vasodilatory shock, particularly when caused by an inflammatory condition like sepsis or pancreatitis, have evidence of significant endothelial injury as manifested by coagulation disorders and increased... read more
Effect of Human Recombinant Alkaline Phosphatase on 7-Day Creatinine Clearance in Patients With Sepsis-Associated AKI
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding adaptive phase 2a/2b trial enrolling 301 adults, the optimal therapeutic dose of recombinant alkaline phosphatase was 1.6 mg/kg. Treatment with this dose... read more
Effect of Theophylline as Adjunct to Inhaled Corticosteroids on Exacerbations in Patients With COPD
Among adults with COPD at high risk of exacerbation treated with inhaled corticosteroids, the addition of low-dose theophylline, compared with placebo, did not reduce the number COPD exacerbations over a 1-year period. The... read more
Doubling Down on Re-Expansion Pulmonary Edema: Treatment Approach and Ventilator Management
The treatment of choice for a pneumothorax is a chest tube, and when the small pig-tail catheter doesn’t do the job, the answer is to replace it with a larger bore – right? Not so fast. The exact mechanism of REPE is... read more
Early PREdiction of Sepsis Using Leukocyte Surface Biomarkers
From a large panel of leukocyte biomarkers, immunosuppression biomarkers were associated with subsequent sepsis in ED patients with suspected acute infection. Between January 2014 and February 2016, we recruited 272, 59 and... read more
Positive End-expiratory Pressure and Mechanical Power
Less than 7 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure reduced atelectrauma encountered at zero end-expiratory pressure. Above a defined power threshold, sustained positive end-expiratory pressure contributed to potentially... read more
Effect of Early vs Delayed Initiation of RRT on Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With AKI
Among critically ill patients with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), early Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) compared with delayed initiation of RRT reduced mortality over the first 90 days. Further multicenter trials of this intervention... read more
Predicting the Requirement for RRT in Intensive Care Patients with Sepsis
Sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, with initial organ impairment often followed by dysfunction in other systems. Renal dysfunction may therefore represent one... read more
S1PR2 deficiency decreased macrophage pyroptosis and improved survival in E. coli sepsis
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) deficiency decreased macrophage pyroptosis and improved survival in E. coli sepsis. These beneficial effects were attributed to the decreased caspase-11 activation of S1PR2-deficient... read more
Initial Inflammatory Profile in Community-acquired Pneumonia Depends on Time since Onset of Symptoms
Time since symptom onset modifies the systemic inflammatory profile at Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) diagnosis. This information has relevant clinical implications for management, and it should be taken into account... read more
Increased Early Systemic Inflammation in ICU-Acquired Weakness
The main objective is to investigate whether patients who develop ICU-acquired weakness have a different pattern of systemic inflammatory markers compared with critically ill patients who do not develop ICU-acquired weakness.... read more
Music Helps Prevent Delirium in Elderly Critical Care Patients
A randomized controlled trial demonstrates that music intervention to prevent delirium among older patients is one of few strategies that provide support in a critical care setting. This study builds on non-pharmacologic... read more
Natriuretic Peptides: A Role in Early Septic Acute Kidney Injury?
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illness and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and financial cost. Sepsis is the leading association of acute kidney injury in the intensive... read more
Vascular Effects of Adrenomedullin and the Anti-Adrenomedullin Antibody Adrecizumab in Sepsis
Sepsis remains a major scientific and medical challenge, for which, apart from significant refinements in supportive therapy, treatment has barely changed over the last few decades. During sepsis, both vascular tone and vascular... read more
