Tag: trial
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening
The long-term follow-up of the Western Australian trial of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) reported in this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine1 is likely the last report from the 4 randomized clinical trials1- 4... read more
Spontaneous breathing trial and post-extubation work of breathing in morbidly obese critically ill patients
Predicting whether an obese critically ill patient can be successfully extubated may be specially challenging. Several weaning tests have been described but no physiological study has evaluated the weaning test that would... read more
Hospitals embed mental health professionals in the ICU
Pilot programs at several large academic medical centers suggest that integrating psychiatrists and other mental-health professionals into hospital units.... read more
Acute caffeine ingestion does not increase arrhythmias in patients with chronic systolic heart failure
Acute ingestion of caffeine did not increase the risk of ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias as compared to placebo in patients with chronic systolic heart failure, either at rest or during a symptom-limited exercise... read more
Hydrocortisone treatment in early sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome
In sepsis-associated ARDS, hydrocortisone treatment was associated with a significant improvement in pulmonary physiology, but without a significant survival benefit.... read more
Blood products and procoagulants in traumatic bleeding
A host of preclinical and clinical studies have evaluated blood product availability and efficacy in trauma. Recently published randomized controlled trials have investigated the ratio of platelet:plasma:red cell transfusion... read more
Palliative-care boosts heart failure patient outcomes
Adding palliative care interventions to management of patients with advanced heart failure improved quality-of-life measures in two relatively small, controlled studies.... read more
More NOAC Comparisons See More Bleeding With Rivaroxaban: Is the ‘Writing on the Wall’?
Evidence is mounting, albeit from observational studies, that while all of the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) appear to have similar efficacy in terms of stroke reduction in atrial fibrillation, they... read more
Levosimendan Doesn’t Prevent Acute Organ Dysfunction
For adults with sepsis, levosimendan does not prevent acute organ dysfunction.... read more
Conservative oxygen treatment linked to lower ICU mortality
A conservative protocol for oxygen therapy results in lower intensive care unit (ICU) mortality compared to conventional care.... read more
New HIV treatment appears to have fully erased the virus from a patient's blood
A pioneering new trial offers new hope in the fight against HIV after a patient treated with a new therapy appears to have no trace of the virus in their blood.... read more
Adjunctive azithromycin reduces risk of non-elective cesarean post-operative infection: The C/SOAP trial
Women receiving azithromycin in addition to standard antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section (c-section) were 49% less likely to develop endometritis and postoperative wound infections compared to those who received only... read more
Use of interventions improves patient care for viral hepatitis
Researchers recommend multiple, inexpensive interventions be included in screening, diagnosis and treatment programs for patients with hepatitis B and C viruses, in an effort to optimize the outcomes of hepatitis care.... read more
Hydrocortisone and Septic Shock in Patients With Severe Sepsis
This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of hydrocortisone vs placebo on development of septic shock among intensive care patients with severe sepsis who were not in septic shock.... read more
Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances cognitive training in Parkinson’s
Transcranial direct current stimulation plus cognitive training may produce the best cognitive results in Parkinson’s patients with mild cognitive impairment. tDCS adds cognitive benefit when combined with cognitive training... read more
Glycemic control, mortality, and hypoglycemia in critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Network meta-analysis showed no mortality benefit of tight glycemic control in critically ill patients, but fivefold more hypoglycemia versus mild or very mild control.... read more
Association of Sodium Selenite and Procalcitonin-Guided Therapy With Mortality
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the use of high-dose sodium selenite, with or without use of a procalcitonin algorithm to guide therapy, and its association with mortality in patients with severe sepsis.... read more
ICDs appear not to improve overall survival in non-ischemic systolic HF
This paper reports the findings of the DANISH study, a multicenter, unblinded, randomized, controlled trial to compare outcomes in patients with non-ischemic systolic heart failure who received cardiac resynchronization therapy... read more
Time to treatment with endovascular thrombectomy and outcomes from ischemic stroke
Compared to patients treated with medical therapy alone, patients with an ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular thrombectomy combined with medical therapy had lower rates of disability 3 months after their stroke.... read more
Beta-Lactam Infusion in Severe Sepsis (BLISS)
Beta-Lactam Infusion in Severe Sepsis (BLISS): a prospective, two-centre, open-labelled randomised controlled trial of continuous versus intermittent beta-lactam infusion in critically ill patients with severe sepsis.... read more
FDA approves automated insulin delivery device for type 1 diabetes
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a device that automatically monitors blood glucose levels and delivers insulin when appropriate, for people aged 14 years and older who have type 1 diabetes.... read more
