The net fluid balance in patients with sepsis 7 days following ICU administration was significantly related to mortality during hospitalization. Specifically, a 7-day fluid balance > 5,240 mL was associated with poor outcomes.

Future multicenter retrospective studies, prospective studies, and randomized controlled trials are needed to further clarify the appropriate range of fluid balance within the first 7 days and to further refine the management of septic resuscitation.

A total of 34,789 adult patients with sepsis (defined by sepsis-3 criteria) in the MIMIC-IV 1.0 database were eligible for inclusion.

The 7-day fluid balance was determined by subtracting the net fluid intake from the net fluid output.

Specific fluids collected for output were urine, drain, and gastrointestinal output losses.

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