This study investigated the impact of POSA prophylaxis on risk of CAPA development in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients receiving corticosteroids.

We observed a significant variation in CAPA incidence rates among the two centers not using prophylaxis, with one of the centers reporting a lower incidence rate compared to center 1, while the other center not using prophylaxis had a significantly higher rate than center 1, despite similar rates of diagnostics.

These findings may argue against general recommendations on POSA prophylaxis across centers, but highlight the importance of a nuanced, center specific management strategy for CAPA.

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