These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay.

At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2,750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1,411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2,063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4,088 to no trial drug.

Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover.

In total, 1,253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan–Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise).

Death occurred in 301 of 2,743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2,708 receiving its control, in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control, in 148 of 1,399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1,372 receiving its control, and in 243 of 2,050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2,050 receiving its control.

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