This cohort study uses Minimum Data Set and Medicare claims data to assess the association of β-blocker use after acute myocardial infarction with functional decline, mortality, and rehospitalization among long-stay nursing home residents. Use of β-blockers after AMI is associated with functional decline in older nursing home residents with substantial cognitive or functional impairment, but not in those with relatively preserved mental and functional abilities. Use of β-blockers yielded a considerable mortality benefit in all groups.

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