Plasma endostatin shows a useful value for predicting failure to recover from acute kidney injury (AKI). The predictive ability can be greatly improved when endostatin is combined with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and AKI classification. Seventy-six of 198 (38.4%) patients failed to recover from AKI onset, with 41 in the derivation cohort and 35 in the validation cohort. Compared with NGAL and cystatin C, endostatin showed a better prediction for nonrecovery, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.776 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.654–0.892, p < 0.001) and an optimal cutoff value of 63.7 ng/ml. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 198 patients without known chronic kidney disease who underwent noncardiac major surgery and developed new-onset AKI in the first 48 h after admission to the ICU.

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