Infectious meningitis and encephalitis are a major concern in ICU since they are associated with high mortality and permanent neurological injury. About 3% of central nervous system infections will be admitted in the ICU.

Three credible experts (Geert Meyfroidt, Pedro Kurtz and Romain Sonneville) propose a review on the epidemiology and the management of acute bacterial meningitis, acute meningitis and healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis.

They detail the most recent data on epidemiology and especially the impact of vaccination of acute bacterial meningitis, the high rate of non-infectious immune-mediated encephalitis among acute meningoencephalitis (20% of causes presenting to hospital) and the incidence of healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis associated to external ventricular drains.

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