No benefit of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine on the survival of COVID-19 patients found. For hydroxychloroquine, the confidence interval is compatible with increased mortality or negligibly reduced mortality.

Findings have unclear generalizability to outpatients, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities.

Rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients.

16 unpublished trials (1,596 patients) and 10 publications/preprints (6,317 patients) included in the study.

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