Operational research on health system capacities, and evaluating optimized delivery of existing treatments, diagnostics and case management approaches are needed. This list should act as a catalyst for collaborative research, especially to meet the top priority in preventing neonatal pneumonia, and encourage multi-disciplinary partnerships.

Overall 379 experts were identified, and 108 took part. We started with 83 topics, and 81 further general and 40 COVID-19 specific topics were proposed.

In the final ranking 101 topics were retained, and the highest ranked was to “explore interventions to prevent neonatal pneumonia”.

Among the top 20 topics, epidemiological research and intervention evaluation was commonly prioritized, followed by the operational and implementation research.

Two COVID-19 related questions were ranked within the top 20.

There were clear differences in priorities between HIC and LMIC respondents, and academics vs non-academics.

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