Elevated systemic immune inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are associated with an increased risk of short-term mortality in patients with COPD and may be potential novel markers for predicting mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Five novel inflammatory markers are not only inexpensive and easy to obtain, but also help clinicians make timely judgments and interventions for the disease progression and survival prognosis of COPD patients.

However, larger prospective studies with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm our conclusions.

We screened COPD patients from the MIMIC-IV database according to ICD-9 (49320–49322) and ICD-10 codes (J441, J449).

Exclusions are marked as follows: (1) under 18 years of age;(2) ICU length of stay <24 hours; (23) for patients with multiple hospitalizations, only the data of first admission were extracted; And (4) patients without key data (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts) within 24 hours after admission.

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