The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the lung aeration estimated by electrical impedance tomography as the end-expiratory lung impedance after anesthesia induction in pediatric patients.

This was a prospective, single-center, observational study including healthy children younger than 5 yr who underwent nonthoracic surgery. Monitoring was performed continuously before and throughout the surgical period.

Electrical impedance tomography has been used in the operating room to monitor changes in aeration and to guide intraoperative ventilatory settings in a strategy to prevent atelectasis.

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