Since the rate of gastrointestinal bleeding requiring endoscopic hemostasis is not different comparing patients with and without stress ulcer prophylaxis, and the increase in hospital-acquired pneumonia is significant, routine stress ulcer prophylaxis for patients with severe sepsis may be unnecessary.

One-to-one propensity score matching created 15,651 pairs of patients who received stress ulcer prophylaxis within 2 days of admission and those who did not.

Patient characteristics were well balanced between the two groups.

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