Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment initially identified distinct populations.

Using systemic inflammatory response syndrome resulted in earlier electronic health record sepsis identification in greater than 50% of patients.

Using Sequential Organ Failure Assessment alone may delay identification.

Using systemic inflammatory response syndrome alone may lead to missed sepsis presenting as acute organ dysfunction. Thus, a combination of inflammatory (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) and organ dysfunction (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) criteria may enhance timely electronic health record-based sepsis identification.

Emergency department encounters between June 2012 and December 2016 for patients greater than or equal to 18 years old with blood cultures ordered, IV antibiotic receipt, and identification with sepsis via systemic inflammatory response syndrome or Sequential Organ Failure Assessment within 72 hours of emergency department presentation.

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