During the first year after discharge, 36% of patients with infection-related atrial fibrillation (AF) had a new hospital contact with AF.

Infection-related AF was associated with increased risk of thromboembolic events compared with infection without AF and our results suggest that AF related to infection may merit treatment and follow-up similar to that of AF not related to infection.

The study population comprised 30,307 patients with infection-related AF and 90,912 patients with infection without AF.

The 1-year absolute risk of AF and thromboembolic events were 36.4% and 7.6%, respectively (infection-related AF) and 1.9% and 4.4%, respectively (infection without AF).

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