This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated 13 studies (encompassing 10,052 patients) to understand the relationship between Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and delirium.

Delirium is remarkably common, affecting 41% of ARDS patients.

While ARDS patients showed a higher risk of developing delirium compared to controls (Risk Ratio: 1.34), the statistical association was not definitive. No significant link was found between delirium and pre-existing anxiety or depression.

Delirium in ARDS patients is consistently tied to prolonged ICU stays, longer duration on mechanical ventilation, and subsequent cognitive impairment.

The development of delirium is heavily fueled by hypoxia (low oxygen), systemic inflammation, heavy sedation, and psychological distress.

Delirium is a frequent and costly complication of ARDS that severely impacts recovery. To improve patient outcomes, care teams should adopt a multidisciplinary approach focusing on minimizing sedation, promoting early physical mobilization, and providing robust psychological support.

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