Intravenous lidocaine administered during and after cardiac surgery did not reduce postoperative cognitive decline at 6 weeks. Among the 420 allocated subjects who returned for 6-week follow-up, there was no difference in the continuous cognitive score change (adjusted mean difference. Cognitive deficit (greater than 1 SD decline in at least one cognitive domain) at 6 weeks occurred in 41% (87 of 211) in the lidocaine group versus 40% (83 of 209) in the placebo group. There were no differences in any quality of life outcomes between treatment groups. At the 1-yr follow-up, there continued to be no difference in cognitive score change, cognitive deficit, or quality of life. After institutional review board approval, 478 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled into this multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial.

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