Among patients undergoing endotracheal intubation in an out-of-hospital emergency setting, rocuronium, compared with succinylcholine, failed to demonstrate noninferiority with regard to first-attempt intubation success rate.

Among 1,248 patients who were randomized, 1,230 (98.6%) completed the trial and 1,226 (98.2%) were included in the per-protocol analysis.

The number of patients with successful first-attempt intubation was 455 of 610 (74.6%) in the rocuronium group vs 489 of 616 (79.4%) in the succinylcholine group, with a between-group difference of −4.8%, which did not meet criteria for noninferiority.

The study findings failed to demonstrate noninferiority of rocuronium compared with succinylcholine with regard to first-attempt endotracheal intubation success rate.

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