Proton pump inhibitors are not associated with an increased risk for Clostridium difficile infection in ICU patients, according to the results of a retrospective cohort study. PPI use was not associated with a significant increase in CDI risk among patients who did not receive antibiotics (aHR = 1.56; 95% CI, 0.72-3.35). However, PPI use was actually associated with a lower risk for CDI among patients who did receive antibiotics (aHR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.83).

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