This nationwide, population-based observational study in Japan included 386,535 adult patients aged ≥ 18 years with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In all these patients, resuscitation was attempted by EMS personnel in Japan between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2016. During the study period, all EMS personnel performed CPR following the Japanese CPR guidelines and attempted resuscitation by using automated external defibrillators, inserting airway adjuncts and peripheral intravenous catheters, and administering Ringer’s lactate solution.

The primary study endpoint was neurologically intact survival (CPC Scale score = 1 or 2 at 1 month). The secondary endpoint was 1-month survival after OHCA.

From 2013 to 2016, in Japan, the details of attempted resuscitation for 498,050 patients with OHCA were documented in the FDMA database. A group of 386,535 patients met the inclusion criteria and were hence included in this study.

The analyses of the Japanese nationwide registry revealed no significant sex-specific differences in the 1-month survival and neurologically intact survival rates after OHCA.

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