Among critically ill patients with sepsis, subtype strategies using clinical, biomarker, and transcriptomic data do not identify comparable patient populations and are likely to reflect disparate clinical characteristics and underlying biology.

In this secondary analysis of the MARS prospective cohort study, we describe a comparison of sepsis subtypes, based on clinical, biomarker or transcriptomic data in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Subtypes could be assigned successfully, but the distribution of the SENECA subtypes and mortality in SRS subtypes was notably different from the original cohorts.

Concordance between SENECA, ARDS, MARS and SRS subtypes was moderate to low, concluding that a different set of patients was identified in each subtype strategy.

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