Septic shock is associated with endothelial dysfunction leading to arterial and venous dilation, alterations in regional blood flow distribution, and microcirculatory disturbances.

Fluids and vasopressors are the key elements of the hemodynamic support.

Promoting vasoconstriction to correct hypotension goes well beyond the simple effect of counteracting arterial dilation.

Vasopressors also impact heart function, the venous system, regional blood flow distribution and microvascular per-fusion.

These effects are discussed in this concise article, focusing on the most recent literature.

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