Tag: trial
High-flow Oxygen Therapy for Treating Bronchiolitis in Infants
Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization in infants worldwide. Current recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics are for supportive care including maintenance of hydration and oxygen support... read more
Randomized Controlled Trial of Health Coaching for Vulnerable Patients with COPD
These results help inform expectations regarding the limitations and benefits of health coaching for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). They may be useful to health policy experts in assessing the... read more
Procalcitonin-Guided Antimicrobial Therapy in Critical Care
Procalcitonin guidance for antibiotic cessation improves short-term mortality in ICU patients. Previous meta-analyses showed that procalcitonin-guided antimicrobial management, compared with standard care, resulted in less... read more
Sepsis: Personalization vs. Protocolization?
The history of intensive care has been littered with too many false dawns. Old management dogma, now derided, have been replaced by new and equally resolute convictions, many of which will, in time, undoubtedly follow a similar... read more
Intravenous Lidocaine Does Not Improve Neurologic Outcomes after Cardiac Surgery
Intravenous lidocaine administered during and after cardiac surgery did not reduce postoperative cognitive decline at 6 weeks. Among the 420 allocated subjects who returned for 6-week follow-up, there was no difference in... read more
Defining Sepsis on the Wards
The aim of this study is to look at the prevalence (commonness) of sepsis across acute hospitals (hospitals with an emergency department) across Wales using the currently used and new definitions of sepsis. Sepsis is a major... read more
Positive Outcomes, Mortality Rates, and Publication Bias in Septic Shock Trials
Out of 65 eligible septic shock trials, 14 did not have a clearly defined control group (two standards of care were compared) and were excluded. For the 51 remaining trials, control-group mortality ranged between 15.9%... read more
Impact of Hypophosphatemia on Outcome of Patients in ICU
Hypophosphatemia at admission is an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in general ICU patients. The cohort included 946 patients with a median phosphate concentration of 0.77 mmol/L. Patients with hypophosphatemia... read more
Who May Benefit Most From Future Vitamin D Intervention Trials
High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation was associated with a reduction of 28-day mortality in a mixed population of critically ill adults with vitamin D deficiency when excluding patients who died or were discharged within... read more
A Trial of Goal-oriented Hemodynamic Therapy in Critically Ill Patients
Hemodynamic therapy aimed at achieving supranormal values for the cardiac index or normal values for mixed venous oxygen saturation does not reduce morbidity or mortality among critically ill patients. A total of 10,726 patients... read more
Level and Prevalence of Spin in Published Cardiovascular Randomized Clinical Trial Reports With Statistically Nonsignificant Primary Outcomes
In this systematic review that included 93 reports of Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) from 6 high-impact journals, positive spin of statistically nonsignificant primary outcomes was found in 57% of abstracts and 67% of... read more
Effect of a Low vs Intermediate Tidal Volume Strategy on Ventilator-Free Days in ICU Patients Without ARDS
In patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who were expected not to be extubated within 24 hours of randomization, a low tidal volume strategy did not result in a greater... read more
Reversal of Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
In light of an aging population with increased cardiovascular comorbidity, the use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) is steadily expanding. A variety of pharmacological alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) have emerged... read more
Reproducibility Trial Publishes Two Conclusions For One Paper
The British Journal of Anaesthesia's unusual experiment is designed to broaden replicability efforts beyond just methods and results. How deeply an anaesthetist should sedate an elderly person when they have surgery is... read more
Organizational Factors Associated with Target Sedation on the First 48 hours of Mechanical Ventilation
Although light sedation levels are associated with several beneficial outcomes for critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation, the majority of patients are still deeply sedated. Organizational factors may play a role... read more
Neuromuscular Blockade for ARDS Was No Help, In Supine Patients
Continuous neuromuscular blockade for severe ARDS became common practice after the ACURASYS trial showed it reduced mortality by an absolute 9%. A larger trial, ROSE, now finds no benefit of the therapy over usual care, but... read more
Diagnostic error increases mortality and length of hospital stay in patients presenting through the emergency room
Diagnostic errors occur frequently, especially in the emergency room. Estimates about the consequences of diagnostic error vary widely and little is known about the factors predicting error. Our objectives thus was to determine... read more
Tidal Volume Strategies for those without ARDS
This paper justifies utilizing a higher tidal volume strategy for our patients without primary ARDS/pulmonary disease. This can be very useful. Patient comfort and patient-ventilator synchrony are extremely important. This... read more
Social and Economic Problems of ICU Survivors Identified by a Structured Social Welfare Consultation
Despite over a decade of trials, no outpatient intervention has demonstrated any measurable improvement in the poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) patients experience following critical illness [1, 2]. One novel avenue... read more
Heterogeneity of Treatment Effect by Baseline Risk of Mortality in Critically ill Patients
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling patients with sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) generate heterogeneous trial populations. Non-random variation in the treatment effect of an intervention due... read more
Contemporary Management of Cardiogenic Shock
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a multifactorial and hemodynamically diverse high-acuity illness that is frequently associated with multisystem organ failure. The complexity of CS requires a widespread application of best-care... read more
