Trauma is a major cause of mortality worldwide, and bleeding is the leading preventable cause of death. About one-quarter of patients with severe trauma develop a clotting disorder termed trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) which is fatal in 30–50% of cases.

Understanding TIC pathophysiology is essential to reducing trauma-related mortality.

The normal coagulation response initiates when the vascular endothelium is injured.

This activates platelets, which adhere to the injury site, forming the initial platelet clot, and the coagulation cascade, amplified by activated platelets, leading to a thrombin burst that cleaves fibrinogen into fibrin.

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