Tag: pediatrics
Distinct antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in children and adults across the COVID-19 clinical spectrum
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are associated with age. Adults develop respiratory symptoms, which can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the most severe... read more
Virtual Handover of Patients in the PICU During the COVID-19 Crisis
Video-conferencing applications for online handovers could supplement traditional face-to-face intensive care unit patient handover during outbreaks of infectious diseases. The use of video streaming and more emphasis on... read more
Aerosolised Surfactant Trial for Preterm Infants with RDS
The AeroFact system can safely deliver aerosolised surfactant to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who are on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). 10 infants were enrolled in part 1... read more
Factors Associated With Initiation of ECPR in the Pediatric Population
Although extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly utilized in the pediatric critical care environment, our understanding regarding pediatric candidacy for ECPR remains unknown. Our objective... read more
Severity of Hypoxemia may Explain Indeterminate Results in Pediatric Trials of iNO
Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is used for refractory hypoxemia in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) via vasodilation of pulmonary arterioles to ventilated alveoli, particularly in pediatrics. However, iNO has not affected... read more
Neurological Complications Acquired During Pediatric Critical Illness
Graphical models that include biomarkers in addition to clinical data are promising methods to evaluate direct relationships in the development of neurologic complications in critically ill children. Future work is required... read more
Variation in Pediatric Palliative Care Allocation Among Critically Ill Children in the United States
Palliative care consultation for critically ill children in the United States is low. Palliative care utilization is increasing but considerable variation exists across institutions, suggesting inequity in palliative care... read more
Relationship between admission coagulopathy and prognosis in children with TBI
We concluded that admission APTT > 39.2 s and fibrinogen ≤ 120 mg/dL were independently associated with mortality in children with moderate to severe TBI. Early identification and intervention of abnormal APTT and... read more
A Retrospective Cohort Study of 12,306 Pediatric COVID-19 Patients in the United States
Children and adolescents account for ~ 13% of total COVID-19 cases in the United States. However, little is known about the nature of the illness in children. The reopening of schools underlines the importance of understanding... read more
Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Autoregulation During Hypotension in Extremely Preterm Infants
Dopamine had no effect on rScO2 compared to placebo in hypotensive infants. Hypotension and cerebral hypoxia are associated with early intraventricular hemorrhage or death. Prospective cohort study of blinded rScO2 measurements... read more
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Cuffed vs. Uncuffed Endotracheal Tubes for Infants in the Intensive Care
There was no difference in the primary outcome, though percentage time spent in optimal leak range was significantly higher in cuffed uncuffed endotracheal tube (ETT) group. Cuffed ETTs reduced reintubations to optimise ETT... read more
Simulated Identification of Silent COVID-19 Infections Among Children
In this simulation modeling study of a synthetic US population, in the absence of vaccine availability for children, a targeted approach to rapidly identify silent COVID-19 infections in this age group was estimated to significantly... read more
Sedation with Midazolam After Cardiac Surgery in Children with and without Down Syndrome
The majority of children with and without Down syndrome required additional sedation after cardiac surgery. This pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis does not provide evidence for different dosing of midazolam in... read more
24-Hour Esophageal pH Measurement in Mechanically Ventilated Children
The current study shows high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux on 24-hour esophageal pH-metry in mechanically ventilated children with medical diagnoses. The significance of this finding and its impact on ventilator-associated... read more
Non-resuscitation fluid in excess of hydration requirements is associated with higher mortality in critically ill children
Non-resuscitation fluid in excess of hydration requirements is associated with increased mortality in critically ill children. Excess maintenance fluid is a modifiable contributor to this fluid volume. Strategies to reduce... read more
Decreased Intestinal Microbiome Diversity in Pediatric Sepsis
Intestinal dysbiosis was associated with altered short-chain fatty acid metabolites in children with sepsis, but these findings were not linked directly to mitochondrial or immunologic changes. More detailed mechanistic studies... read more
Conversion From Continuous Infusion Fentanyl to Continuous Infusion Hydromorphone in the Pediatric ICU
A median 14% fentanyl dose reduction was noted when transitioning to hydromorphone. Further exploration is needed to determine if opioid rotations with hydromorphone can reduce opioid/sedative exposure. A total of 36 children... read more
Haloperidol and Quetiapine for the Treatment of ICU-Associated Delirium in a Tertiary Pediatric ICU
In our small, single-center study, patients treated with haloperidol or quetiapine showed no short-term improvement in delirium screening scores after starting treatment when compared with untreated, propensity score-matched... read more
Improving Outcomes for Children Requiring ECMO Therapy Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Pediatric patients posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have improving survival rates over time. With 26% of patients (16/62) surviving to hospital discharge in the... read more
Bridging the Gap Between Intensivists and Primary Care Clinicians in ECMO for Respiratory Failure in Children
All pediatric clinicians should be aware not only of the potential benefits and complications of ECMO but also that survivors need effective screening, support, and follow-up. The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, along... read more
Management of Neonates With Tetralogy of Fallot
What are the differences in outcomes between a strategy of staged repair (SR) (initial palliation [IP] and subsequent complete repair [CR]) as compared with primary repair (PR) for infants with symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot... read more
Physiological dead space and alveolar ventilation in ventilated infants
Prematurely born infants with pulmonary disease have a higher dead space than term controls, which may influence the optimum level during volume-targeted ventilation. A prospective study of mechanically ventilated infants... read more
