Benchmarking Saliency Methods for Chest X-ray Interpretation

Benchmarking Saliency Methods for Chest X-ray Interpretation

Saliency methods, which "explain" deep neural networks by producing heat maps that highlight the areas of the medical image that influence model prediction, are often presented to clinicians as an aid in diagnostic decision-making.... read more

Medical Nutrition Therapy and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Adults

Medical Nutrition Therapy and Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Adults

Calorie intake was mainly provided according to the targets recommended by the active ESPEN guideline, but protein intake was lower. In patients staying in ICU ≥ 5 days, early moderate daily calorie and protein intakes... read more

Hydroxychloroquine Not Associated With Decreased Risk for COVID-19 Hospitalization

Hydroxychloroquine Not Associated With Decreased Risk for COVID-19 Hospitalization

Results of a multicenter, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial found no evidence to support the use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 infection in the outpatient setting. These findings were published in The Lancet... read more

Patients Monitored Using Wearable Monitors Experienced Fewer Unplanned ICU Admissions

Patients Monitored Using Wearable Monitors Experienced Fewer Unplanned ICU Admissions

Implementation of continuous monitoring of patient vital signs using wearable monitoring technology linked wirelessly to hospital systems was associated with a reduction in unplanned ICU admissions and rapid response team... read more

Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management

Endovascular Resuscitation and Trauma Management

This book focuses on endovascular methods for resuscitation and trauma management. Written by highly qualified and clinically active physicians from around the world, it shares information gathered over the past decade,... read more

Standardized Data Collection in Prehospital Critical Care

Standardized Data Collection in Prehospital Critical Care

The medical problems categorized by HEMS personnel can be seen as valid. The greatest challenges remain in the classification of stroke and other neurological emergencies. Patients treated by HEMS personnel are characterized... read more

ARDS Readmissions: A nationwide Cross-sectional Analysis of Epidemiology

ARDS Readmissions: A nationwide Cross-sectional Analysis of Epidemiology

Thirty-day readmission occurred in 18.4% of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in this sample, and early readmission is strongly associated with increased mortality compared to late readmission. Further... read more

Casemix, management, and mortality of patients receiving emergency neurosurgery for TBI

Casemix, management, and mortality of patients receiving emergency neurosurgery for TBI

Patients receiving emergency neurosurgery for traumatic brain injury (TBI) differed considerably in their admission characteristics and management across human development settings. Level of human development was associated... read more

Obstructive Airway Diseases: Role of Lipid Mediators

Obstructive Airway Diseases: Role of Lipid Mediators

Incidences of inflammatory airway diseases are on the rise across the world. Existing therapeutic options are ineffective, unsafe, and expensive, and severe cases are nonresponsive to conventional therapy. Therefore, it is... read more

Electronic Pneumonia Decision Support Helps Reduce Mortality by 38% in Community Hospitals

Electronic Pneumonia Decision Support Helps Reduce Mortality by 38% in Community Hospitals

Pneumonia was the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the United States, even before the COVID-19 pandemic, and continues to be a leading cause of death. In the study, researchers at Intermountain Healthcare... read more

Percussion Pacing – An Almost Forgotten Procedure for Hemodynamically Unstable Bradycardias?

Percussion Pacing – An Almost Forgotten Procedure for Hemodynamically Unstable Bradycardias?

More than 80 years after its first description by Eduard Schott, percussion (fist) pacing remains a little known procedure even though it represents an instantly available and easy to perform treatment for temporary emergency... read more

Therapeutic Hyperthermia Associated with Improved Survival in Afebrile Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis

Therapeutic Hyperthermia Associated with Improved Survival in Afebrile Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis

Participants randomized to external forced-air warming did not have a difference in HLA-DR expression or IFN-γ production. In this pilot study, however, 28-day mortality was lower in the intervention group. Future research... read more

Resuscitation with Blood Products in Patients with Trauma-related Hemorrhagic Shock Receiving Prehospital Care

Resuscitation with Blood Products in Patients with Trauma-related Hemorrhagic Shock Receiving Prehospital Care

The trial did not show that prehospital PRBC–LyoPlas resuscitation was superior to 0·9% sodium chloride for adult patients with trauma related hemorrhagic shock. Further research is required to identify the characteristics... read more

Pediatric Pneumonia Research Priorities in the Context of COVID-19

Pediatric Pneumonia Research Priorities in the Context of COVID-19

Operational research on health system capacities, and evaluating optimized delivery of existing treatments, diagnostics and case management approaches are needed. This list should act as a catalyst for collaborative research,... read more