Tag: hypertension

Pheochromocytoma Diagnosis

Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine-producing tumor that originates from chromaffin cells of the adrenergic system, most commonly in the adrenal medulla. There are two main steps in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma: biochemical... read more

The Elevated Troponin: What else besides ACS could cause troponin elevation?

The increased troponin used to be a straight ticket to the cardiology service. Now, the picture isn't so clear. What do you need to consider in the patient with elevated troponin? Cardiac troponins consist of three proteins:... read more

Resuscitation of Pulmonary Hypertension and RV Failure

A guide to the initial emergency department management of patients with pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure. It is very rare for my to write about pathophysiology, but understanding the pathophysiology of... read more

Emergency Management of Intracerebral Hemorrhage – The Golden Hour

There is a kind of self-fulfilling prognostic pessimism when it comes to Intracerebral Hemorrhage. And this pessimism sometimes leads to less than optimal care in patients who otherwise might have had a reasonably good outcome... read more

Johns Hopkins Investigators Unravel Biological Roots of Pulmonary Hypertension

Working with cells that line the innermost layer of the blood vessels, Johns Hopkins investigators say they have made a leap forward in understanding the underlying biology behind pulmonary hypertension, a dangerous type... read more

Intra-Abdominal Hypertension Is More Common Than Previously Thought

Intra-abdominal hypertension is common in both surgical and nonsurgical patients in the intensive care setting and was found to be independently associated with mortality. Despite prior reports to the contrary, intra-abdominal... read more

Association Between Continuous Hyperosmolar Therapy and Survival in Patients with TBI

Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a major cause of death after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Continuous hyperosmolar therapy (CHT) has been proposed for the treatment of ICH, but its effectiveness is controversial. We compared... read more

R.E.B.E.L. EM – Fluid Responsiveness and the Six Guiding Principles of Fluid Resuscitation

Fluid resuscitation is a crucial aspect of emergency and critical care. Since the advent of the concept of early goal-directed therapy, we have placed a huge emphasis on aggressive fluid resuscitation in patients with severe... read more

Hospitalist Tackles Chronic Disease With Food Pharmacies

Before January 2017, Rita Nguyen, MD, was "pretty much like any other academic hospitalist," she says. In the hospital, she could provide excellent care to patients, but once they were discharged, many didn't have the necessary... read more

The Iatrogenic Potential of the Physician’s Words

Some of the information that physicians convey to their patients can inadvertently amplify patients' symptoms and become a source of heightened somatic distress, an effect that must be understood by physicians to ensure optimal... read more

Prognostic Effect and Longitudinal Hemodynamic Assessment of Borderline Pulmonary Hypertension

Borderline PH is common in patients undergoing RHC and is associated with significant comorbidities, progression to overt PH, and decreased survival. Small increases in mPAP, even at values currently considered normal, are... read more

We Need to Talk About Trauma

One of the most haunting images from my time as a junior doctor working in Hackney in the mid-1990s was in an A&E (emergency) department while we tried to resuscitate a man in his 40s. In the corner of the room stood two... read more

Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome are increasingly recognized in both medical and surgical critically ill patients and are predictive of death and the development of acute kidney injury.... read more

Lowering systolic blood pressure would save more than 100,000 lives per year, study finds

Intensive treatment to lower systolic (top number) blood pressure to below 120 would save more than 100,000 lives per year in the United States, say scientists. Two thirds of the lives saved would be men and two thirds would... read more

The New Blood Pressure Guidelines

The last time a major updates to the identification, classification and treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) was 2003. Finally, the long anticipated updated comprehensive guidelines were released earlier this month... read more

PAH Associated With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Patients with SLE-PAH have an overall 5-year survival rate of 83.9% after the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) diagnosis. Anti-SSA/SSB antibodies may be a risk factor for PAH, and the presence of anti-U1-RNP antibodies... read more

Oestrogen Inhibition Reverses PAH and Associated Metabolic Defects

Increased oestrogen is a strong epidemiological risk factor for development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients, associated with metabolic defects. In addition, oestrogens drive penetrance in mice carrying... read more

Risk of AKI After Intravenous Contrast Media Administration

In the largest well-controlled study of acute kidney injury (AKI) following contrast administration in the ED to date, intravenous contrast was not associated with an increased frequency of acute kidney injury. Rates of acute... read more

Hypertension and Prehypertension Underdiagnosed, Undertreated in U.S. Children

Hypertension and prehypertension in children often go undiagnosed, according to a new study published in Pediatrics. The study focused on children with abnormal blood pressures across the United States.... read more

Variation in Monitoring and Treatment Policies for Intracranial Hypertension in TBI

Substantial variation was found regarding monitoring and treatment policies in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and intracranial hypertension. The results of this survey indicate a lack of consensus between European... read more

Hyperventilation Therapy for Control of Post-Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension

During traumatic brain injury, intracranial hypertension (ICH) can become a life-threatening condition if it is not managed quickly and adequately. Physicians use therapeutic hyperventilation to reduce elevated intracranial... read more

Protocol-based Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Acute Liver Failure

Acute liver failure (ALF) may result in elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). While invasive ICP monitoring (IICPM) may have a role in ALF management, these patients are typically coagulopathic and at risk for intracranial... read more