Tag: infection
Time to Treatment and Mortality during Mandated Emergency Care for Sepsis
More rapid completion of a 3-hour bundle of sepsis care and rapid administration of antibiotics, but not rapid completion of an initial bolus of intravenous fluids, were associated with lower risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality. Among... read more
Early Identification of Patients at High Risk of Streptococcus-associated Necrotizing Infections
Two simple and available upon admission clinical predictors of group A streptococcus (GAS) documentation identified among a large cohort of surgically proven necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs). The results show... read more
Differential Gene Expression in Peripheral White Blood Cells with Permissive Underfeeding and Standard Feeding in Critically Ill Patients
The effect of short-term caloric restriction on gene expression in critically ill patients has not been studied. In this sub-study of the PermiT trial, we examined gene expression patterns in peripheral white blood cells... read more
Delayed Interhospital Transfer of Critically Ill Patients with Surgical Sepsis
Patients with surgical sepsis who spent more than 24 hours at an outside facility prior to transfer had greater initial illness severity, longer intervals between admission and source control, and more nosocomial infections... read more
Epidemiology of Pediatric Severe Sepsis in Main PICU Centers in Southwest China
This multicenter study demonstrates that pediatric severe sepsis is common and is a factor in the high mortality rate that is observed in PICUs in Southwest China. The mortality rate remains high; therefore, improved... read more
1-Year Outcomes in Patients with Infection-related Atrial Fibrillation
During the first year after discharge, 36% of patients with infection-related atrial fibrillation (AF) had a new hospital contact with AF. Infection-related AF was associated with increased risk of thromboembolic events... read more
Risks and Benefits of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis for Patients With Severe Sepsis
Since the rate of gastrointestinal bleeding requiring endoscopic hemostasis is not different comparing patients with and without stress ulcer prophylaxis, and the increase in hospital-acquired pneumonia is significant, routine... read more
Climate Change, Global Warming, and Intensive Care
In the last five decades, human activities have resulted in the release of increasing quantities of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, thus contributing to global climate change by additional heating of the atmosphere.... read more
Initial Therapy Affects Duration of Diarrhoea in Critically Ill Patients with Clostridioides Difficile Infection
Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) further harms critically ill patients by increasing 28-day mortality and in case of prolonged diarrhoea the length of their hospital stay. Appropriate therapy should be initiated... read more
5-year Study Shows Predominance of Non-Device-Associated Pneumonia
Among more than 160,000 patients admitted to University of North Carolina hospitals during a recent 5-year period, non-device-associated, or ND, pneumonia was implicated in three of every four nosocomial pneumonia cases,... read more
Incidence of Bloodstream Infections, Length of Hospital Stay, and Survival in Patients With Recurrent CDI Treated With Fecal Microbiota Transplantation or Antibiotics
In a propensity score–matched cohort, patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI) treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were less likely to develop primary bloodstream infection (BSI). Of... read more
In-line Filtration of Intravenous Infusion May Reduce Organ Dysfunction of Adult Critical Patients
In-line filtration with finer 0.2 and 1.2 μm filters may be associated with less organ dysfunction and less inflammation in critically ill adult patients. Comparing fine filter vs control filter cohort, respiratory... read more
Probiotics Linked to Bloodstream Infections in ICU Patients
People carry a community of microbes in and on our bodies, and they can have a powerful influence on our physiology in many ways. Probiotics, which are live microbes, are intended to improve human health, and they sometimes... read more
Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cardiac Arrest?
This is a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of patients resuscitated from shockable out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Patients were randomized to placebo versus intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate for two... read more
XueBiJing Injection vs. Placebo for Critically Ill Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
In critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia, XueBiJing injection led to a statistically significant improvement in the primary endpoint of the pneumonia severity index as well a significant improvement... read more
Optimizing Therapy of Bloodstream Infection Due to Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Carbapenems should be used in patients with serious infections; alternatives could be used individually, particularly for definitive treatment of patients with milder presentations. Meropenem and imipenem are the drugs... read more
Acute Liver Failure: Evidence-Based Evaluation and Management
Although acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare clinical presentation in the ED, it carries a high mortality, morbidity, and resource cost. Across the developing world, the underlying etiology is primarily viral, with hepatitis... read more
Norepinephrine Shortage and Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock
Drug shortages in the United States are common, but their effect on patient care and outcomes has rarely been reported. This cohort study evaluated whether a national shortage of norepinephrine in the United States in 2011... read more
Candida Bloodstream Infection Under Veno-arterial ECMO Therapy
Cavayas et al. recently described invasive fungal infections in patients under extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry. They found a 1.2% prevalence of Candida... read more
Enteral vs. Parenteral Nutrition in Septic Shock
The strong paradigm of favoring the enteral over the parenteral route in critically ill patients has been challenged. As a consequence, updated guidelines recommend withholding enteral nutrition in patients with uncontrolled... read more
Blood Cultures From Arterial Catheters Reliable for Detection of Bloodstream Infection in PICUs
Cultures of arterial catheter–drawn blood are reliable for the detection of bloodstream infection in PICUs. The study group consisted of 138 patients admitted to the general or cardiac PICU in 2014–2015 who met the following... read more
Microbial Strategies to Reduce Pathogens and Drug Resistance in Clinical Settings
Healthcare‐associated infections (HAIs) are a global concern, affecting all western hospitals, and profoundly impairing the clinical outcome of up to 15% of all hospitalized patients. Persistent microbial contamination... read more
