Tag: pediatrics
Seizure Detection Algorithms in Critically Ill Children
Some commercially available seizure detection algorithms demonstrate performance for seizure detection that is comparable to that of electroencephalography experts using quantitative electroencephalography displays. Continuous... read more
Apneic Oxygenation As a Quality Improvement Intervention in an Academic PICU
Implementation of apneic oxygenation in PICU was feasible, and was associated with significant reduction in moderate and severe oxygen desaturation. Use of apneic oxygenation should be considered when intubating critically... read more
Clinical Profile and Predictors of Outcome of Pediatric ARDS in a PICU
Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) contributes to a significant burden in the PICU of a developing country and is associated with significantly higher mortality. Infection remains the most common etiology.... read more
Epidemiology of Pediatric Severe Sepsis in Main PICU Centers in Southwest China
This multicenter study demonstrates that pediatric severe sepsis is common and is a factor in the high mortality rate that is observed in PICUs in Southwest China. The mortality rate remains high; therefore, improved... read more
Fentanyl Infusion Pharmacokinetics Variables in Obese and Nonobese Children
The differences in total clearance (CLS) may increase less than proportional to weight in obese children greater than 6-year-olds, while volume of distribution at steady state increases more than proportional to weight in... read more
Fresh Red Blood Cell Transfusions No More Beneficial Than Older Red Blood Cells
Researchers have found that transfusions using fresh red blood cells—cells that have spent seven days or less in storage—are no more beneficial than older red blood cells in reducing the risk of organ failure or death... read more
Ventilation Rates and Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Outcomes
In this multicenter cohort, ventilation rates exceeding guidelines were common. Among the range of rates delivered, higher rates were associated with improved survival to hospital discharge. Arterial blood pressure and... read more
Timing of Tracheostomy in Pediatric Patients
In children on mechanical ventilation, early tracheostomy may improve important medical outcomes. However, our data demonstrate the urgent need for high-quality, randomized controlled trials in the pediatric population. Data... read more
PICU Up! A Multicomponent Early Mobility Intervention for Critically Ill Children
Pediatric intensive units traditionally have had a culture where critically ill children are intubated and mechanically ventilated, immobilized, and highly sedated. This practice is primarily driven by a focus on safety... read more
Critical Pediatric Heart Deaths Drop by 24% at Hospitals With Cardiac ICUs
Major complications fall by 12%, time on a ventilator declines by 13% among children in the cardiac ICU at PC4 hospitals As a pediatric cardiology fellow nearly a decade ago, Michael Gaies remembers asking hospital colleagues... read more
An Ethical Claim for Providing Medical Recommendations in PICU
The Declaration of Geneva was recently revised to emphasize patient autonomy and the importance of clinicians sharing medical knowledge. This reflects the welcome evolution of the doctor-patient relationship from one... read more
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine: Care of the Critically Ill or Injured Child
The second edition of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine spans three volumes, with major sections dedicated to specific organ systems. Each major section consists of separate chapters dedicated to reviewing the specific... read more
Probiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea in Children
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) occurs when antibiotics disturb the natural balance of "good" and "bad" bacteria in the intestinal tract causing harmful bacteria to multiply beyond their normal numbers. The symptoms... read more
Risk for Mortality in Critically Ill Children Needing RRT
Margaret M. Parker, MD, MCCM, speaks with Danny Hames, MD, on his article titled "Risk Factors for Mortality in Critically Ill Children Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy" published in the November 2019 issue of Pediatric... read more
Healthcare Provider Perceptions of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality During Simulation Training
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance during mock codes does not meet the American Heart Association's quality recommendations. Healthcare providers have poor insight into the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation... read more
Sedation, Sleep Promotion, and Delirium Screening Practices in the Care of Mechanically Ventilated Children
The results highlight the heterogeneity in sedation practices among intensivists who care for critically ill children as well as a paucity of sleep promotion and delirium screening in PICUs worldwide. The survey was completed... read more
MODS on Day 1 is a Major Source of Mortality in the PICU
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) present on Day 1 of admission continues to be a major source of morbidity and mortality in the PICU, but risk of poor neurologic outcome may be improved. Further research is... read more
Early Enteral Nutrition Associated with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Children
In critically ill children with hyperglycemia requiring inotropic support and/or mechanical ventilation, early enteral nutrition was independently associated with better clinical outcomes. Of 608 eligible subjects, 331... read more
Blood Cultures From Arterial Catheters Reliable for Detection of Bloodstream Infection in PICUs
Cultures of arterial catheter–drawn blood are reliable for the detection of bloodstream infection in PICUs. The study group consisted of 138 patients admitted to the general or cardiac PICU in 2014–2015 who met the following... read more
Mental Health Medication Use In Parents After A Child’s PICU Admission
This was the first large study to examine mental health medication use in parents after PICU admission for their children. Antidepressant and anxiolytic incidence rates for parents with critically ill children increased... read more
Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis Evaluation
Twelve years ago, we began a National Institutes of Health–funded study of neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) whose goal was to develop multivariate predictive models that could be used by clinicians to evaluate a newborn’s... read more
PICU Admission, Discharge, and Triage Practice Statement and Levels of Care Guidance
This practice statement and level of care guidance manuscript addresses important specifications for each PICU level of care, including the team structure and resources, technology and equipment, education and training, quality... read more
