Pulmonary Artery Catheterization in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock

Very low-quality observational evidence suggests pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) use in patients with cardiogenic shock is associated with lower mortality. Overall, these results support consideration of PAC for... read more

Carbapenem Antibiotics for the Empiric Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia

Carbapenem-based empiric regimens were associated with lower mortality rates compared with non-carbapenems, largely driven by trials of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The mortality effect was not observed in trials... read more

Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium

Delirium occurs commonly following major non-cardiac and cardiac surgery and is associated with: postoperative mortality; postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction; increased length of hospital stay; and major postoperative... read more

COVID-19: Restricted Visitation Policies in Acute Care Settings

Patients, families, and healthcare professionals were impacted by restricted visitation polices in acute care settings during COVID-19. The consequences of this approach on patients and families are understudied and warrant... read more

Brain–lung Interactions and Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Isolated Brain Injury

During the last decade, experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that isolated acute brain injury (ABI) may cause severe dysfunction of peripheral extracranial organs and systems. Of all potential target organs... read more

Timing of Antibiotic Therapy in the ICU

Severe or life threatening infections are common among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Most infections in the ICU are bacterial or fungal in origin and require antimicrobial therapy for clinical resolution. Antibiotics... read more

Short-term and Long-term Rates of Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 Infection

In this systematic review, we evaluated the temporal progression of clinical abnormalities experienced by patients who recovered from an infection with SARS-CoV-2, starting with a mean of 30 days post–acute illness and... read more

Nitrous Oxide Avoidance for Patients Undergoing Major Surgery

Avoidance of nitrous oxide and the concomitant increase in inspired oxygen concentration decreases the incidence of complications after major surgery, but does not significantly affect the duration of hospital stay. The... read more

Approach to the Critically Ill Poisoned Patient

Toxicology histories are notoriously unreliable. Any available medical records, especially medication lists. Timing & amount of ingestions. Immediate vs. sustained-release formulations. Consider inquiring specifically... read more

Longitudinal Respiratory Subphenotypes in COVID-19 Patients with ARDS

COVID-19-related ARDS has no consistent respiratory subphenotype. Patients diverged from a fairly homogenous to a more heterogeneous population, with trajectories of ventilatory ratio and mechanical power being the most discriminatory.... read more

Suboptimal COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage Implications in Florida and Texas

In July, 2021, another wave of COVID-19 began in the USA as the highly infectious delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variant drove outbreaks predominantly affecting states with relatively low vaccination coverage. Some US states... read more

Ambulation Alone Not Effective Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism

Our systematic review failed to find high-quality evidence to suggest that ambulation alone is an appropriate or effective prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism. Although some studies suggest that ambulation may reduce... read more

Understanding Brain Injury in Pediatric ECMO

Brain injury is frequent in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients, although the majority of survivors have favorable neurocognitive outcomes. More research is needed in order to understand the etiology of such... read more

A Novel Anatomic Landmark to Target the LV During Chest Compressions in Cardiac Arrest

A novel area of compression over the left sternal border at the inter-nipple line would result in compressions over the LV in nearly three-quarters of our study participants. Future research should investigate whether... read more

ECMO for COVID-19

Mortality after ECMO for patients with COVID-19 worsened during 2020. These findings inform the role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in COVID-19 for patients, clinicians, and policy makers. In 2020, 4,812... read more

Scripts for Subconjunctival Hemorrhage, Fainting and Syncope, and Viral Illness

Many parts of the ED encounter interfere with patient or family comprehension, not the least of which is the ED's noisy, hurried environment. But other factors affect what they understand and remember about the encounter—their... read more

Dexamethasone 12 mg vs. 6 mg for COVID-19 Patients with Severe Hypoxia

Among patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia, dexamethasone 12 mg did not result in statistically significantly more days alive without life support at 28 days than dexamethasone 6 mg. However, the confidence interval... read more

Waveform Capnography in the Intubated Patient

Waveform capnography is emerging as a standard monitoring tool to improve safety among intubated patients. Failure to use waveform capnography contributed to >70% of ICU-related airway deaths in the NAP4 audit. Capnography... read more

Validation of RSBI Displayed by the Ventilator vs. Standard Technique in Patients with Readiness for Weaning

The ventilator significantly overestimates the RSBI value compared to the standard technique by Wright spirometer. The average RSBI vent value among 5 time points (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 s) was found to best correlate with... read more

Hypocalcemia in Jaundiced Neonates Receiving Phototherapy

Hypocalcemia is a common complication of phototherapy. Serum calcium levels should be monitored in all the full-term neonates receiving phototherapy. Hyperbilirubinemia was present in 23.3% of neonates admitted to the... read more

Consensus Guidelines on the Use of Intravenous Ketamine Infusions for Acute Pain Management

Evidence supports the use of ketamine for acute pain in a variety of contexts, including as a stand-alone treatment, as an adjunct to opioids, and, to a lesser extent, as an intranasal formulation. Contraindications for... read more

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Pronation Outside the ICUs in COVID-19 ARDS

Continuous positive airway pressure with patient mobilization (including pronation) was effective and safe in patients with ARDS due to COVID-19 managed outside the intensive care unit setting during the pandemic. Of 90... read more